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Francis I of France

Francis I of France

Francis I (French: François Ier; Middle French: Françoys; 12 September 1494 – 31 March 1547) was King of France from 1515 until his death in 1547. He was the son of Charles, Count of Angoulême, and Louise of Savoy. He succeeded his first cousin once removed and father-in-law Louis XII, who died without a legitimate son.

A prodigious patron of the arts, Francis promoted the emergent French Renaissance by attracting many Italian artists to work for him, including Leonardo da Vinci, who brought the Mona Lisa, which Francis had acquired. Francis's reign saw important cultural changes with the growth of central power in France, the spread of humanism and Protestantism, and the beginning of French exploration of the New World. Jacques Cartier and others claimed lands in the Americas for France and paved the way for the expansion of the first French colonial empire.

For his role in the development and promotion of the French language, Francis became known as le Père et Restaurateur des Lettres (the 'Father and Restorer of Letters'). He was also known as François au Grand Nez ('Francis of the Large Nose'), the Grand Colas, and the Roi-Chevalier (the 'Knight-King').

In keeping with his predecessors, Francis continued the Italian Wars. The succession of his great rival Emperor Charles V to the Habsburg Netherlands and the throne of Spain, followed by the election of Charles as Holy Roman Emperor, led to France being geographically encircled by the Habsburg monarchy. In his struggle against Imperial hegemony, Francis sought the support of Henry VIII of England at the Field of the Cloth of Gold. When this was unsuccessful, he formed a Franco-Ottoman alliance with the Muslim sultan Suleiman the Magnificent, a controversial move for a Christian king at the time.

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La Belle Ferronnière

La Belle Ferronnière

Маргарита (?) Феррон по прозвищу Прекрасная Ферроньера (La belle ferronnière) — французская горожанка, якобы бывшая любовницей короля Франциска I, муж которой из мести заразил короля сифилисом. Упоминания о ней в надежных источниках не встречается.

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Francis I of France

Francis I of France
 

Françoise de Foix

Françoise de Foix

Франсуа́за де Фуа́, графиня Шатобриа́н (фр. Françoise de Foix, comtesse de Châteaubriant; ок. 1495 — 16 октября 1537) — фаворитка короля Франциска I.

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Francis I of France

Francis I of France
 

Клод де Роган-Жье

Клод де Роган-Жье

Claude de Rohan-Gié (French pronunciation: [klod ʁɔɑ̃ ʒje]; also Claude de Thoury de Rohan, 1519–1579 CE), was a French lady-in-waiting, best known for being a mistress to Francis I of France in 1539–40.

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Francis I of France

Francis I of France
 

Marie Gaudin

Marie Gaudin

Marie Gaudin, née en 1490 ou 1495 et morte en 1580, est une courtisane française.

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Francis I of France

Francis I of France
 

Jacquette de Lansac

Jacquette de Lansac

Jacquette Andron de Lansac (v. 1490 - ) est une maîtresse du roi François Ier.

Elle fonda à Bordeaux en 1520 le couvent des Annonciades, suivant la règle fixée par Sainte Jeanne de France (1464-1505), pour des religieuses du couvent d'Albi.

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Francis I of France

Francis I of France
 

Анна де Пислё Этамп

Анна де Пислё Этамп

А́нна де Пислё, герцоги́ня д’Эта́мп (фр. Anne de Pisseleu, duchesse d'Etampes; 1508—1580) — фаворитка Франциска I, сменившая красавицу графиню де Шатобриан.

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